Expression device for automatic musical instruments



T. DANQUARD. EXPRESS ION DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLlCATlON FILED FEB. 4, 1916- RENEWED lULYI9,192l.

1 ,4-13,832, Patented Apr. 25, 1922. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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EXPRESSION DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. APPLICATION mu)FEB. 4.1916. RENEWED IULY 19, 1921.

1 ,413,832. Patented Apr- 25, 1922.

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T. DANQUARD.

EXPRESSION DEVRCE FOR AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4,1916. RENEWED IULY19,1921.

1,413,832. 7 t 1 v Patented @1225, i922.

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EXPRESSION DEVICE FOR AUTOMATlC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATiQN FILED FEB. 411916- RENEWEDIULY19.192L 1,413,832. PatentedApr. 25, 1922.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

153\ 155 125 M *1 m 114 Fa w g I i I 1 110 I Iy mane UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS DANQUARD, NEW' YORK, N. 'Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE AUTO PNEUMATICACTION COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EXPRESSION DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 25, 1922.

Application filed February 4, 1916, Serial No. 76,077. Renewed July 19,1921. Serial No. 485,849.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS DANQUARD, a

citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented a new and useful ExpressionDevice for Automatic Musical Instruments, of winch the iollowing 1s aspecification.

This invention relates to an expression device for automatic musicalinstruments, of the type in WhlCll a tracker bar and perforatednote-sheet are used.

On such sheets it has been customary to provide indications showing thecor-rest expression or intensity of tone ror diirerent parts of themusical composition reproduceiji on the sheet. For this purpose lettersand other characters have been used and the expression has also beenindicated by a continuous irregular line running lengthwise oi? thesheet, and showing by itslateral position the desired strength orintensity of expression. All such indicia, however, merely assist theoperator in his manipulation of the instrument and have no tangible ormechanical connection therewith.

Devices have also been constructed by the u e of which the expressioncould be varied nnatically, such devices being commonly iuierated orcontrolled by pneumatic mechanism connected to one or more specialopenings in the tracker bar which cooperate with special perforations inthe note sheet.

the provision oi improved devices for retaining the tension regulator 1na-dyusted position. thereby avoiding the use of long per- "i'orations orslots in the note sheet. and to the provi on of means tor automaticallyreledevices prior to or coincident .ing said .i. to a ditierentposition.

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nuts which i l he hereinafter described e particularly pointed out inthe appein ed claims.

A prei erred form of my invention and a h the adjustment oi the tensionregu-' modification thereof are shown in the drawings in which Fig. 1 isa diagrammatic elevation of my improved expression device and certainparts of the instrument associated therewith;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the I tension regulator, takenalong the line 2-2 in Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tension regulator, takenalong the line d3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. t is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the setting device whichcontrols the tension regulator, the section being taken along the linei-4 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the settingdevice, partly in section, taken onthe line 5--5 in Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional elevation of the setting device, takenon the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a modified form of setting device;

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation thereof, taken on the line88 of Fig. 7, and 2 Figs. 9 and 10 are transverse sectional elevationsofthe modified form taken on the lines 9+9 and 10- 10 o'f'Fig. 7,respectively.

In F ig. l I have shown the general relative position of the severalparts of my invention, the tension regulator being designated as a wholeby the letter R, the setting device by the letter S and the tracker barby the letter T.

The tension regulator shown in the drawings is otthe general type shownand fully described in my prior application Serial No. 865,026, filedOctober 5.1914. In the form shown in y prior application, however, noprovision is made for automatic setting of the tension regulator and theprovision of such automatic setting devices in an improved formconstitutes a very important feature of my present invention.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, I have shown a hop: or casing 10, divided bya partition 11 into two air chambers 12 and 13. The chamber 13 isdirectly connected by a passage 15 and pipe '15" to the exhaust or theinstrument, while the chamber 12 is provided with a passage 1 1- whichforms aninlet for the pipe 1J5 leading from the pneumatics which operatethe actions of the instrument. The chambers 12 andv 13 are connected bya port li he member on 16 extending through the partition 11 andnormally open as shown in Fig. 2.

A tension valve 17 is pivoted at 18 to the partition 11 and is adaptedto be swung across the port 16, thereby closing the passage between thechambers 12 and 13 to a greater or less extent, and correspondinglydecreasing or increasing the air tension in the chamber 12. The tensionValve 17 is adjustably connected. by a. link 20 to a cross bar 21 whichis rigidly secured to the movable leaves of three pneumatic bellows 22,and 24, mounted in fixed relation to the casing;- ll) and connectivelyconstituting what may be termed a pneumatic motor for select' 'elypositioning the valve 17. The movable leaves of the three bellows andthe crossbar 21 carried thereby are normally maintained in raisedposition by a spring 25 mounted upon arms 26 and 23' secured respectively to the movable and to the lixed leaves of the bellows.

The low tension chamber 12 is connected by a passage 30 to a second lowtension chamber 31 formed in a casing 32 secured to and rigidlyconnecting); the fixed leaves of the bellows 22, L3 and 2 in the sidewalls 32 oi the casing 32, a series oil' valve chambers 33, 3-1l and 35are provided, each of these chambers being directly connected to theinterior of one of the bellows 23 and 24-. A. passage 33'' connects thevalve chamber 33 to the bellows (Fig. 2) and similar passages. notshown, connect the valve chann bers 34: and 35 to the bellows 23 and 2tre spectively.

The valve chamber is provided with two ports 33' and 33", the port Eli-lbeing open to the atmosphere and the port 33 communicating with the lowtension chamber 31. The latter port is termed in a cupsecured to theframe member 32 and torminp; the inner side of the valve chamber. A.double valve 37 is mounted to slide axially in said chamber and to closeone or the other of said ports, according to its position.

The valve 237 is provided with a head 38 positioned for eniggfgeineiitwith a diaphragm 39 forming; a so-called pouch and covering a recessl-(l termed. in the wall 32" of? the casing 32. pipe or tube -11 leadsfrom the recess l-(l and is connected at its opposite end with a settingd vice to be here ina er .lescril' ed. For the presentit is merelynecessary to state that the setting device coi'npriscs means "fornormally closing the tube ll and 'l'or opening; the same to theatmosphere under predetermined conditions.

A bleed opening l2 connects the recess ll) to the low tension chamber31, thus normally maintaining; equal low tension upon both sides of thediaphragm 39. The valve chambers 34; and 35 are provided with a ves,pouches, and controlling tubes precisely similar in construction andoperation to those just described and a detailed description thereof isconsidered unnecessary. The tube which controls the valve mounted in thechamber 3 is marked 43 and the corresponding: tube for the chamber 35 ismarked 44:.

As above stated, the tubes 41, 4L3 and M are normally closed and thebleed openings maintain equal low tension upon both sides of thediaphragms controlled thereby, the diaphragzms being thus renderedinactive. The low tension in the chamber 31 normally draws the doublevalve 37 against the port 33 in the cap 36, this closing comnnmicationbetween the valve chamber 33 and the low tension chamber 31. At the sametime the uncovering ot the port 38" opens the valve chamber to theatmosphere. The valves in the chambers illand 35 are similarly arrangedand positioned. Each bellows 22, 23 and is thus exposed to atmosphericpressure within and without and the movable leaves will be raised by thespring; 25.

Assuming now that the setting device opens the tube 4-1 to theatmosphere. the dia- 'ihraggin 39 will then be exposed to atmosphericpressure upon its right-hand side and to low tension or exhaust pressureupon its left-hand side. as viewed in l ig. 2. The diaphragm willconsequently move inward, engaging the head 38 of the valve 37 andmoving; the valve to open the port Ilfs" and to clone the port '33".

The bellows 2: is thus connected through the passage and the valvechamber 32:5 to the low tension chamber 131. causing defiation of thebellows 22 to a certain extent against the tension oi the spring Themovable leaves oil the bellows and the crossbar 21 carried thereby willthus be moved downward a certain distance. thereby swinginp; the valve17 to partially close the port 16 and decrease the tension in thechamber 12. The tension thus obtained may natcd F. full by FF.

It the tube 43 is thereafter opened the bellows 2?, will he connei'stedto the low ten sion chamber 3i and the movable leaves of the bellowswill. be moved rther downward by the increased relative pressurethereon. thus moving); the valve 17 to cover an additional portion ol heport 1.6 and produce a soft tension designated If the tube setthereatter opened the bellows 24- will become operative and. the valve17 will be swung still further downward to more completely close theport is. giving a very soit or Pl ell'ect.

Referring now to Figs. l. and 6. T will describe the setting device Forautomaticallv opening ant. closing the tubes ll, -13 and ll. A separatesetting device is provided for controlling each of the said tubes, theconbe desigtension lrGlUQ' indicated on the diaphragm 60.

struction and operation of the three setting devices being preciselysimilar. The tube 41 (Fig. 4.) is connected to a passage formed in ablock 51 and normally covered by a valve 52. The valve 52 is secured tothe movable leaf 53 of a small pneumatic bellows 54, (Fig. 5) said leafhaving an ex-- tension 53 adapted to engage a light spring latch 55 aswill be hereinafter described.

The pneumatic 54 is connected by a passage 56 (Figs. 4 and 5) to a valvechamber 57 having the same general construction the valve chamber 33previously described. A double valve 58 is mounted in the chamber 57 andthe head 59-of said valve is positioned for engagement by a diaphragm 60covering a recess 61 connected to a tube 62. The tube 62 extends to aspecial opening 63 (Fig. 1) formed in the tracker bar T and normallycovered by the note sheet N. The sheet is provided with correspondinglypositioned perforations 65 adapted to uncover said openin 63 at predetermined times. 3'

The diaphragm 60 (Fig. 5) is interposed between the recess 61 and a lowtension chamber 66 connected by a passage 67 to the exhaust of theinstrument. The usual bleed opening 68 connects the chamber 66 to therecess 61 and equalizes the pressure When the tracker opening 63 isuncovered the diaphragm 60 will be forced inwardly by atmosphericpressure, carrying with it the valve 58 and thus connecting thepneumatic 54 to the low tension chamber 66. The pneumatic is thuscollapsed, opening the passage 50, and

thus partially deflating the bellows 22 as previously described.

As the pneumatic 54 is collapsed the extension 53 of its leaf 53 willengage the latch 55 and the pneumatic will be thereby maintained incollapsed condition, with the passage 50and tube 41 open to the atmoslphere even after the tracker opening 63 is again covered by the sheet N.I am thus able to continue any indicated tension for any desired timewithout using either long or often-repeated perforations in thenotesheet, a result of much importance.

The latch 55' is mounted upona support 70 (Figs. '5 and 6) pivoted at71* and and releasin the neumatic 54.

The support 70 is held yieldingly in position by' a spring 70 (Fig. 6)and is controlled by a pneumatic '71 (Fig. 5) the movable leaf 72thereof being provided with an arm 73 connected to asliding rod '74having its free end positioned to engage a lug .or projection 75 securedto the upper edge of the support 70. )Vhen thepneumatic 71 is collapsedthe rod 74 will slide outwardly and through its engagement with the lugtrolled by diaphragms or pouches connected by tubes 84 and 85 toopenings 86 and 87 (Fig. 1) in the tracker bar T.

From this description it will be evident that whenever any one of theopenings 63, 86 or 87 is uncovered the corresponding pneumatic 54, or 81will be deflated. thus connecting-one of the bellows 22, 23 or 24 to thelow tension chamber and thereby movingthe tension valve 17 to close theport 16 to a greater or less extent.

As has been previously described the position of the expression valve 17is determined by the action of one or more of the bellows 22, 23 and 24,these bellows all acting against the single spring 25. If the tension isto be only slightly decreased (F) the bellows 22 is used. F or anadditional decrease in tension (P) the bellows 23 is also placed inoperation and the bellows 24 is added when an extremely soft expression(PP) is desired.

It would be possible to regulate the action of these different bellowsseparately from the special openings in the tracker bar through thecontrollin mechanism above described, providing two perforations in thesheet when two bellows are to be ren dered operative, and threeperforations when anextremely soft effect is desired. I consider itdesirable, however, to produce any desired expression by means of asingle perforation in the note sheet and in order to obtain this resultI provide suitable connections between the pneumatics 54, 80 and 81.These connections as shown comprise cords or other fiexiblemembers 90and 91 (Fig. 5), the cord 90 being secured atits opposite 'endsto themovable leaves of the pneumatics 54 and SO and the cord 91 beingsimilarly secured to the movable leaves of the pneumatics 80 and 81. Ifthe opening 63 in the tracker bar is now uncovered the pneumatic will becollapsed and -will be retained in" collapsed position by will bedeflated; thus opening the passage 1 which controls the bellows 23'andatthe same time it will. move the leaf of the pneumatic 5% to uncoverthe opening 50 which controls the bellows 22. In this manner the bellows22 and 23 are controlled from the single tracker opening 86.

In a similar way the uncovering of the opening 87 causes deflation ofthe pneumatic 81, said pneumatic acting through the cords 91 and 90 uponthe movable leaves ot the pneumaties 80 and 54, thus placing all threebellows 22, 23 and 2st in operation and controlling them through thesingle tracker opening 87, the latches 55 retaining said pneumatics inoperative or deflated condition.

It the full force (FF) of the instrument is thereafter desired theopening 77 in the tucker bar will be uncovered. thus deflating thepneumatic 71 and swinging the latch support outward, to release thepueumatics 5 t. 80 and 81 or any of them, :trom operative position.

It will often happen however. that a change of expression is desiredfrom the extremely soft (PP) expression to an intermediate expression (Por F), and it is desirable to obtain this change of expression From asingle pertoration in the note sheet. It is necessary therefore thatall. of the pneumatirs should be released whenever any change inexpression is indicated. In order to secure this result I provide across passage 92 (Fig. 41-) which communicates at one end with thepassage 79 and which is connected by passages 93, 94: and 95 to thepassages 56. er... leading to the pncumaties 54;. 80 and 81respectively. Flap valves 9. 9T. 98 and 99 are provided in the passages93. 9 1;. '5 and 79, these valves being so arranged that a reduction ofpressure in any one of the pneumatics 54, 80 or 81 will cause arel-responding; deflation of the pneumatic 71 while at the same time thelow pressure in one of the pneumatics 5%, 80 or 81 will not a'lleet theother two pneumatics.

Through these connections the releasing pneumatic '71 will becomeoperative whenever any one of the pneumatics 5 1, 80 or 81 becomesoperative. The latches are thus moved to release all of the pneumaticswhenever any change in tension is indicated by the note sheet.

It is necessary that the latches after releasing the pneumatics shall beimmediately restored to operative position so that they may retain thenewly indicated pneumatic or pneumatics in operative position. For thispurpose the sliding rod T t is provided with an oblique or o'li'setportion H (Fig. 5i and is mounted to slide in slot 100 (Fig. 11) formedin a block 101 mounted upon a fixed portion of the pneumatic 81. As thereleasing; pneumatic 71 is deflated the rod T t slides freely throughthe slot 100 and by engagement with the lug 75 upon the latch support'70 it swings the support outwardly to release the pneumatics. Excessiveaccidental displacement of the su i)port is prevented by a stop screwrod 102. The continned movement oi the rod 74-, hmvever, causes theotlset portion 74- to enga e the block 101., the rod being thereby snunto the right, as viewed in Fig. 5. out o l engagement with the lug T5.The support it) thereupon immediately returned to its operative positionby the spring; 70 (l igf. (3). The latches are thus returned tooperative position before the setting); pneumatics are released by thenote sheet and said pneumatirs will thus be retained in the position towhich they have been or may thereafter he moved.

Having thus described the preferred form of my invention it will be seenthat I have provided tension controlling mechanism by which a series ofdifferent tensions may be secured and that I have also provided improvedautomatic devices controlled by pertorations in the note sheet by meansof which any desired tension may be secured. Furthermore any desiredtension may be at. any time secured by the provision of a suitablesingle perforation. in the note sheet regardless of the tensionpreviously maintained in the instrument.

In Figs. 7, 8, 9. and 10 I have shown a modified term of settingmechanism in which the setting pneumatics are omitted and the 'ensionregulating bellows 22. 2 3 and B t are more directly controlled from theopenings in the tracker bar. Considering the. control of the bellows 22.the tube l1 his. 9. and 3) is connected to a pass; .;1e 1.10 9) termedin a frame 111 and communicating with a cross passz ge 119. At its upperend the cross passage is open to the atmosphere and at its lower end itis open to an exhaust chamber 113 connected by a pipe 113 (Fig. 10) tothe exhaust of the instrument. A double valve 11 iis mounted to slideloosely lengthwise ot the cross passage 112, closing the passage at oneend or the other according to conditions. At its'lower end the valve 111is provided with a head 114: positioned for engagement by a diaphragm115 cover ing a recess 116. connected by a passage 117 to the tube 62extendingto the opening- 63 (Fig. 1) in the tracker bar. The usual bleedopening 119 (Fig. 8) connects the recess 116 with the chamber 113 thusproviding a normally low pressure on each side ot the diaphragm 115. Thepassage 110 above referred to is provided with an extension 110containinga flap valve 0 and communicating with a cross pass; re 11-21(Fig. 7)

Substantially similar valve mechanism provided for controlling theadmission of air through the passages 1'22 and 123 to the tubes 43 and44 through which the bellows 23 and 24 are governed, these mechanismsbeing connected by tubes 84 and 85 to tracker openings 86'and and beingalso connected to the cross passag'e121.

Referring to Fig. 9, the valve 114 is connected at its upper end to alever 130 having its outer end positioned for engagement by a pawl 131adapted to retain the valve in raised position.

From the foregoing description the operation of this portion of themechanism will be clearly evident. lVhen a perforation in the note sheetadmits atmospheric pressure through the tube 62 and passage 117 to therecess 116 the diaphragm 115 will be raised, carrying with it the valve114, thus closing the connection between the passage 110 and the exhaustchamber 113, and at the same time opening the passage 110 to theatmosphere. Since the passage 110 communicates directly with the tube41, atmospheric pressure will accordingly be transmitted through thetube 41 to the recess 40, as in the preferred form of my invention, thusrendering operative the bellows 22.

At the same time atmospheric pressure will be transmitted through thepassage extension 110 to the cross passage 121. This passage 121communicates-by a transverse passage 132 (Fig. 10) with a recess 133,

covered by a diaphragm 134, which controls the release valve. 135. Thevalve 135 is pivotally. connected to a lever 136 having a dependinglatch 137 positioned to engage an arm 138 fixed to an offset bar 138(Fig. 7) pivotally supported in bearings 139 secured to the frame 111.The oifset portion of the bar extends lengthwise of the device andengages projecting portions 131 of the pawls 131. Suchengagement by thebar 138 moves the pawls 131 rearwardly and permits the levers 130, andthe valves 114 connected thereto to return to normal or loweredposition. I

The latch 137 (Fig, 10) is provided with a laterally extending arm 13'?positioned to engage an adjustable stop 140 asthe lever 136 is raised.The stop 140 should be so ad justedthat the arm 137* will engage thestop as soon as the levers, 130 have been released. Continued upwardmovement of the lever 136 will swing the latch 137 to the right (Fig.10) thus releasing the .olfset bar 138 and permitting'the pawls 131toreturn to positions in which they again cooperate with the levers 130.The release valve 135 may also be operated directly from the opening 77(Fig. 1) in the tracker bar, being connected thereto by the tube 76 asin the preferred form, 3 j

As the valves which control the bellows 22, 23 and 24 are each connectedto the cross passage 121, the release valve 135 Wlll be operatedwhenever any one of the expression valves is moved from normal position.

In order that the operation of two or three of the bellows 22, 23 and 24may be controlled by a single perforation in the note sheet I haveprovided additional cross passages, most clearly shown in Fig. 8. Apassage 150 is normally closed by the valve 151 and when opened admitsatmospheric pressure directly to the passage 110, at the same time thatatmospheric pressure is admitted to the passage 122. A similar passage152 normally covered by the valve 153 when opened admits atmosphericpressure to the tube 122. The valve 153 also covers an additionalpassage 154 connecting into the passage 150 and thus adapted to admitatmospheric: pressure to the tube 110. The raising or opening of thevalve 151 thus admits atmospheric pressure to the two bellows 22 and 23whilethe raising of the valve 1.53 admits atmospheric pressure to allthree of the bellows 22, 23, and 24.

This modified form of setting device is not specifically claimed hereinbut forms the subject matter of a divisional application, Serial No.545,593 filed by me March 21, 1922. 7

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that other changesand modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the artwithout departingfrom the spirit and scope thereof as set forth in theclaims,

and I do not wish to be otherwise limited to the details hereindisclosed. What I do claim is 1. An expression device for an automaticmusical instrument having a tracker bar and a perforated note-sheet,comprising an adjustable air tension regulator, a plurality ofsheet-controlled setting devices each effective to adjust said regulatorto maintain a different air tension, each setting device being connectedto an opening in the tracker bar and being moved to a position in whichit renders said regulator operative when said opening is uncovered,means to retain said setting device in such position after said openingis closed. and means to release all of said setting devices whenever thetracker opening leading to any one of said setting devices is thereafteruncovered.

An expression device for automatic musical instrument having a trackerbar and.- a perforated notesheet, comprising an adjustable air tensionregulator, a plurality of sheet controlled setting devices each:effective to adjust said. regulator to maintain. a diflt'erentairtension, each setting device being connected to an opening in thetracker bar and being moved to a position in which it renders saidregulator operative by the uncovering of said openings, and connectionsbetween said devices whereby certain oi? said devices when moved tooperative position are ell'ective to move additional set ting ('lcvicesto similar positions.

3. 1\.n expression device for automatic n'iusical instruments havingatracker bar, and a note-sheet, comprising an air tension regulator. apneumatic motor connected to adjust said regulator and having a pluralito'ii separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic 't'or iontrollingthe operation o't each bellows, said pncumatics being connected toseparate openings in the tracker bar and being cmitrolled by thepertoratcd note sheet, and means independent of the note sheet forretaining said pneumatics in position to render said bellows operative.

4-. An expression device for automati musical instruments having atracker bar and a note sheet, comprising an air ten sion regulator, apneumatic motor connected to adjust said regulator and. having aplurality of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic torcontrolling; the operation of each bellows, said pneinnatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlledby the periorted note sheet, means independent oi? the note sheet forretaining said pneumatics in position to render said bellows operative,and. sheetcontrolled means for releasing; said. pneumaties.

Ln expression device for automatic musical instruments having a trackerbar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, a pneumaticmotor connected. to adjust said regulator and havinga plurality ofseparate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic "for controlling theoperation oi? each bellows, said controlling pneumatics being connectedto separate openings in the tracker bar and being themselves controlledby the perforated note sheet, means to retain said pneumatics inposition to render said regulator operative, a releasing pneumaticconnected to a separate opening; in the tracker bar, and a deviceactuated by said pneumatic when said opening is uncovered and effectivewhen so actuated to release all ol the other pneumatics which are thusretained out of normal position.

6. An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneun'iagtic motor connected to adjust said. regulator and having aplurality of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said controlling pneumaticsbeing connected to separate openings in the tracker bar and beingthemselves controlled by the perforated note sheet, means to retain saidpne-umatics in position to render said regulator operative, a releasingpneumatic connected to a separate opening in the tracker bar and to eachof the first men.-

tioned openings, and a device actuated by said pneumatic whenever anyone oi. said openings is uncovered and ell'ective when so actuated torelease all of the pneumatics which are thus retained out of normalposition.

7. An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneumatic motor connected to adjust said regulate and having aiilura-lity of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said pneumatics being'connected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlledby the perforated note sheet, and. connections between Said pneinnaticswhereby certain of said meumatics when moved to render said regulatoroperative will also move additional pneumatics to similar positions.

8.' An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneumatic motor connected to :uljust said regulator and having aplurality oi. separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said pneumatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlledby the perforated note sheet, and connections between said pneumaticswhereby certain oi said pneumatics when moved to render said regulatoroperative ,will also move additional pneumatics to similar positions,said connections being operative in one direction only.

9. An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneumatic motor connected to ad just said regulator and having aphirality of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said pneumatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker ba and being: controlledby the perforated note sheet, and flexible connections between saidpneumatics whereby certain of said pueumatics when moved to render saidregulator open ative will also move adi'litional pneumatics to similarpositions. 7

10. An expression device for an automatic instrument having" a trackerbar and pen forated note-sheet, comprising an adjustable air tensionregulator, a plurality ot sheetcontrolled setting devices each ellectiveto adjust said regulator to maintain a ditlcrent air tension, a separatelatch to hold each setting device out of normal position, and a singleautomatically controlled device eliective to move all of said latches torelease the setting device held thereby.

11. An expression device "for automatic mu sical in struments h avi n,9; a tan cker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regu lator,a pneumatic motor connected to ad just said regulator and having aplurality of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said meumatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlled.by the perforated note sheet, a latch to hold each pneumatic when movedto render said regulator operative, and a single additionalsheet-controlled pneumatic effective to move all of said latches torelease the pneumatics held thereby.

12. An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneumatic motor connected to adjust said regulator and having aplurality O'E sepa rate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation ofeach bellows, said pneumatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlledby the perforated note sheet, a latch to hold each pneumatic when movedto render said regulator operative, a support for all of said latchesand means to move said s1 pport to simultaneously release all. of: saidpneumatics which are out of normal position.

13. An expression device for automatic musical instruments having atracker bar and note sheet, comprising an air tension regulator, apneumatic motor connected to adjust said regulator and having aplurality of separate bellows therein, a separate pneumatic forcontrolling the operation of each bellows, said pneumatics beingconnected to separate openings in the tracker bar and being controlledby the perforated note sheet, and connections between said pneumaticswhereby certain tracker openings are rendered effective to control aplurality of pneumatics.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

THOMAS DANQUARD. Witnesses:

WILLIAM J. KEELEY, WILLIAM J. BARTON.

